Human Evolution Timeline!!!!
Today, you will learn about the 6 homonid species including the Australopithecus, Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus, etc.
Australopithecus afarensis
This is a picture of the
Australopithecus apheresis. Australopithecus were the first hominid species to
be on the Earth. They lived 3.6 to 1.8 million years ago in the Eastern and
Southern Africa. Australopithecus were 3 to 5 feet tall. Their hands were also
jointed differently which allowed them to use and make tools. They were also
very hairy and they walked upright on 2 feet. Australopithecus had large teeth
and their brain was as small as an orange. Males were 90-154 pounds while females and were bipedal hominids. Australopithecus did not
have materials to build a shelter so they slept in all kind of trees. They just
found a nice tree and hopped in. They could probably swing branch to
branch. Australopithecus fed on leaves, fruits, and the remains of
dead animals. They scavenged and gathered their food. Australopithecus
used sticks, bones, branches, and stones to help them dig and defend themselves
but they did not make any homemade tools. Australopithecus were also nomadic
which means that they did not have a permanent place to call home.
Australopithecus could not make fires because they life was very harsh, and
they were too busy fighting for their lives. They communicated by words of
mouth and hand gestures/signs but they did not have specific words.
Australopithecus did not have clothing, religions/ceremonies, or art (paintings
and carvings).
Homo Habilis (Handy Man)
This a picture of the Homo Habilis.
Homo Habilis were the second hominid species to be on the Earth. They lived 1.8
to 1.6 million years ago in East and South Africa, and Asia. Homo Habilis had
more human-looking faces than the Australopithecus. They had long arms and
their brains were also larger than Australopithecus. They had larger teeth in
the back than the front teeth. Males were about 4.5 feet tall
and about 100 pounds. Females were 3-4 feet tall and about 70 pounds.
Homo Habilis were also bipedal hominids. For shelter, they made small huts
out of branches and small stones. The stones kept the branches in place and they
also used mud to keep the rocks in place. The huts they made were dome-shaped
structures. They made the the shelters under cliffs. Homo Habilis ate fruits,
roots, nuts, vegetables (which were growing wild), berries, birds, and small
animals. They also ate raw meat. Homo Habilis hunted, gathered, and scavenged
for food. They used rocks to kill animals. Homo Habilis also made stone tools
and weapons. They made their tools sharper by hitting a stone with another
stone. Homo Habilis also had a nomadic lifestyle. Homo Habilis could not
make fire but they would wait until they found something burning from natural
causes (such as lightning). They also had a guard to watch the fire. Homo
Habilis communicated by hand gestures and they also used their simple voices.
Homo Habilis did not have any religion/ceremonies, clothing, or art
(painting/carving).
Homo Erectus (Upright Man)
This is a picture of the Homo Erectus. Homo Erectus were the third homonid species to be on the Earth. They lived 1.6 to
300, 000 years ago. They lived in Africa, and then migrated to Asia and Europe. Homo Erectus walked upright and they were taller than Homo Habilis. They had thick skulls, sloping foreheads, and large eyebrows. They also had large brains which were 54-67 cubic inches. Homo Erectus had smaller teeth than Homo Habilis. They also had massive jaws, had no chin, had a bump in the back of their head, and had shorter arms. Homo Erectus were 4 feet 9" to 6 feet 1" and they were 100 to 150 pounds. Homo Erectus lived in oval huts and caves which were found in forests, plains, and grasslands. The shelters were made from branches (sticks) and grass. The shelters were also long-lasting and they had a hearth in the shelter. They also lived in small groups. As Australopithecus and Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus also had a nomadic lifestle. Homo Erectus ate animals such as elephants,rhinos, deer, and wild boar. Woman would gather shellfish, oysters, turtles. Food such as dandelion leaves, wild wheat, almonds, figs, berries, and quail eggs would be found in the region. Homo Erectus went out in small groups to look for dead animals and they also learned how to make tools. They used hand axes to cut meat and to dig. They also had rocks/stones to cut meat. Homo Erectus also used bolas, spears, and they also used a flat stone to cut blocks of meat. Homo Erectus also made fire. But at first, the could not make it. They had gather supplies which would be caught by fire by natural causes(lightning). They used fire for heat and warmth. They also used it for scaring animals away. And then, eventually they learned how to make fire by rubbing a stick and a stone which would create sparks. And soon there will be a fire. Homo Erectus had no religion but they would travel to Terra Amata in the late spring every year. Homo Erectus communicated by using hand gestures, used simple words, and they also grunted to communicate. They also made clothing by skinning animals. Men and women used the skin to cover their body parts and they used strips of leather to stitch the animal skin together. Homo Erectus did not have any art (painting/carving).
300, 000 years ago. They lived in Africa, and then migrated to Asia and Europe. Homo Erectus walked upright and they were taller than Homo Habilis. They had thick skulls, sloping foreheads, and large eyebrows. They also had large brains which were 54-67 cubic inches. Homo Erectus had smaller teeth than Homo Habilis. They also had massive jaws, had no chin, had a bump in the back of their head, and had shorter arms. Homo Erectus were 4 feet 9" to 6 feet 1" and they were 100 to 150 pounds. Homo Erectus lived in oval huts and caves which were found in forests, plains, and grasslands. The shelters were made from branches (sticks) and grass. The shelters were also long-lasting and they had a hearth in the shelter. They also lived in small groups. As Australopithecus and Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus also had a nomadic lifestle. Homo Erectus ate animals such as elephants,rhinos, deer, and wild boar. Woman would gather shellfish, oysters, turtles. Food such as dandelion leaves, wild wheat, almonds, figs, berries, and quail eggs would be found in the region. Homo Erectus went out in small groups to look for dead animals and they also learned how to make tools. They used hand axes to cut meat and to dig. They also had rocks/stones to cut meat. Homo Erectus also used bolas, spears, and they also used a flat stone to cut blocks of meat. Homo Erectus also made fire. But at first, the could not make it. They had gather supplies which would be caught by fire by natural causes(lightning). They used fire for heat and warmth. They also used it for scaring animals away. And then, eventually they learned how to make fire by rubbing a stick and a stone which would create sparks. And soon there will be a fire. Homo Erectus had no religion but they would travel to Terra Amata in the late spring every year. Homo Erectus communicated by using hand gestures, used simple words, and they also grunted to communicate. They also made clothing by skinning animals. Men and women used the skin to cover their body parts and they used strips of leather to stitch the animal skin together. Homo Erectus did not have any art (painting/carving).
Homo Sapien (Wise Man): Neanderthal
This picture of the Homo Sapien:
Neanderthal. The Neanderthal was the fourth hominid species to be on the
Earth. They lived 500, 000 to 30,000 years ago. They migrated from Africa
to the rest of the world (Asia, and Europe). Neanderthals had thick sturdy
bones, and muscular shoulders, legs, arms, and necks. They also had large
brains and their skulls grew more forward, which left room for the brain
to develop. Males were about 5 feet 5" and 143 pounds. Females were
about 5 feet 1" and 119 pounds. Neanderthals lived throughout a widely
divergent climate and habitat. Some lived in caves, while others
built shelters out of branches and animal skins. Neanderthals ate meat (deer’s,
rhinos), plants (leaves, grasses), roots, tubers, nuts, fruits, eggs, and
honey. They were hunters and gatherers. They hunted for large animals, so they
could feed the family for a while. Neanderthals also created stone tools, bone
needles, and bone fish hooks. They also used spears, bolas, stone knives,
and hand axes. Neanderthals did make fire and they could also control the fire.
For ceremonies, they buried the dead and they decorated their bodies with
paint. They also believed in afterlife. Neanderthal also had nomadic lifestyle.
Neanderthals communicated by hand gestures. They also had clothing. They sewed
clothes from animal skins with thread made from other parts of the animals
and they also made warm boots. Neanderthals made paintings and it told
about their identity spirituality, and their strong affinity (a natural liking)
for the community.
Homo Sapien (Wise Man): Cro-Magnon
This is a picture of the Homo
Sapien: Cro-Magnon. Cro-Magnon was the fourth hominid species to be on the
Earth. They lived 40,000 years ago in Asia, Europe, and Africa. Cro-Magnon
looked like modern humans because they had small eyebrow ridges, noses, jaws,
teeth, flat foreheads, pointed chins, and rounded skull cases. Males were about
5 feet 6" tall. Females were 5 feet 1" tall. Both genders had the
same weight as an average human today. Cro-Magnon lived huts and
caves. They made their shelters out of leftover tusks, large animal bones, and
then they covered that in pelts. They moved every summer and they built
shelters that were meant to be stable. Cro-Magnon ate wild game and plants.
They gathered food like carrots, beetroot, turnips, onions, cabbage,
celery, fruit, and berries. Cro-Magnon harvested grains like wheat and healing
tea for medical reasons. Cro-Magnon was great hunters and they used the animal
they killed for many reasons. They were also gatherers. Their daily life
was not a struggle because they were good hunters. Cro-Magnon made special
spears out of wood and designed these so that the spears would fly straight and
went to 5 feet. They also built flutes since they were very good with their
hands. They also carved pictures into their tools. For Cro-Magnon, fire was
their only source of heat. They also used fire for light, protection from
animals, cooking, tool hardening, and for hunting. They made fire by using
flints and stone to make spark. They also had a fire at an entrance of a cave
or hut. Cro-Magnon did have celebrations. They made burial art and prepared
their dead with beautiful flowers, and seashells. They had ceremonies for boys
when they were going into manhood. Cro-Magnon also played drums and celebrated
the changings of the seasons. They did not have a variety of language and they
made clicking sounds with their throats. Cro-Magnon did not have any written
language. Cro-Magnon also wore clothing out of animal hides and they wore
pants, tunics, and dresses. Women made necklaces out of shells, beads, stones,
bones, fish bones, and egg shells. Cro-Magnon was the first people to carve art
because they had free time. They made paint by picking flowers and plants, and
then crushing them, and then they would add water. They also carved pictures of
hunters and animals into cave walls.
Homo Sapien Sapien(Wise Man): Modern Humans
This is picture of the Homo
Sapien Sapien. Homo Sapien Sapien is the sixth hominid species to be on the
Earth. They are known as the modern humans. They lived 40,000 years ago when
the ice age ended and they migrated all over the world. Homo Sapien Sapien is
the closest looking humans to us. Both genders were about 4-5 feet 5"
tall. Males weighed 168-183 pounds while females weighed 120-140 pounds. Homo
Sapien Sapien usually used to set up in a cave for shelter because it provided
shelter in bad weather. They were about 7 huts in a camp and each hut had a
family with
2-4 children. The huts were circular and had a lot of room and large, flat mammoth bones made the floor. Homo Sapien Sapien ate deer, fish, pig, cow, goat, and sheep. They also ate berries, nuts, grains, plants, and some roots. Homo Sapien Sapien also planted plants. They were mainly farmers with the start of raising plants and animals. They also got a surplus (amount of something left over) of food, so they didn't hunt or gather anymore. Homo Sapien Sapien also used/made spears, bows, and arrows and they also made traps for larger animals. Homo Sapien Sapien was the first to use fire wisely. They made fire by rubbing rocks together and then rubbing wood together but they also needed tinder (flammable material) such as grass. For religion/ceremonies, Homo Sapien Sapien worshipped symbols such as animals, and fictional characters. They also buried their dead and they also worshipped daily at a shrine or another special place. Homo Sapien Sapien communicated with different languages. Some are used today and some are not. They also did have written language. Homo Sapien Sapien made clothing out of hide and fur from hunted animals. Men wore shorts while women wore short dresses made of animal skins. Homo Sapien Sapien was the first humans to make pots (known as pottery). They also painted bison, horses, dogs, and people in caves. To make paint, they would put water on a small rock and then they rubbed it on a big rock.
2-4 children. The huts were circular and had a lot of room and large, flat mammoth bones made the floor. Homo Sapien Sapien ate deer, fish, pig, cow, goat, and sheep. They also ate berries, nuts, grains, plants, and some roots. Homo Sapien Sapien also planted plants. They were mainly farmers with the start of raising plants and animals. They also got a surplus (amount of something left over) of food, so they didn't hunt or gather anymore. Homo Sapien Sapien also used/made spears, bows, and arrows and they also made traps for larger animals. Homo Sapien Sapien was the first to use fire wisely. They made fire by rubbing rocks together and then rubbing wood together but they also needed tinder (flammable material) such as grass. For religion/ceremonies, Homo Sapien Sapien worshipped symbols such as animals, and fictional characters. They also buried their dead and they also worshipped daily at a shrine or another special place. Homo Sapien Sapien communicated with different languages. Some are used today and some are not. They also did have written language. Homo Sapien Sapien made clothing out of hide and fur from hunted animals. Men wore shorts while women wore short dresses made of animal skins. Homo Sapien Sapien was the first humans to make pots (known as pottery). They also painted bison, horses, dogs, and people in caves. To make paint, they would put water on a small rock and then they rubbed it on a big rock.
How the developments/inventions are used now?
These developments/inventions are used now because we now
use shelters to keep us warm and they protect us from bad weather such as snow
and rain. And if we didn't have any shelter, we would be freezing to death
right now. We also use different tools such as knives, forks, spoons and if we
did not have any tools, we would not be able to cut/eat our food properly.
Another development was that they had art. If they didn't create paint, we
would not have been able to make paintings (which would not be good). Some of
these species also used fire, which now we use often. We use fire to keep
ourselves warm (heat), it is also used for wood working, for ceremonies; it
also helps us make electricity and cook, ext. Few of these species also
buried their dead and now we also bury our dead. The species also used to
communicate and some also had a written language. This development is used
every day. If we didn’t have a written language, I would not have been able to
write all this and we talk to people every time. And if we couldn't even talk,
that would be something I can't even imagine. Having clothing is also a
development because we always wear clothes. I am very thankful to the
species that first made clothing because not having clothing is a world I don’t
want to be living in.
